.png){kind=logo}
GLOSSARY
7th International Digital Art Biennial
— ILLUSION
Talking point
A message or formula used in the fields of political, commercial, or advertising communication. It is a form of communication based on a prefabricated statement, serving as an argument and allowing an organization to present its position on a specific topic.
Illusion
From the Latin illudere ("to mock"). An erroneous perception of the external world or one's own internal states, an illusion is a false belief. Although illusions distort the human perception of reality, they are generally shared by most people. An illusion can be interpreted as a result of one's own perception (sensory, emotional) or an influence from others whose truth is obscured.
Post-Factual Era
American theorist Ralph Keyes conceptualized the term in his 2004 essay of the same name. In 2016, the Oxford Dictionary made it the word of the year, defining the expression as "relating to or denoting circumstances in which objective facts are less influential in shaping public opinion than appeals to emotion and personal belief." This suggests a world where ideology prevails over reality.
Post-Truth
Due to the rise of the internet and the accelerated circulation of information, this synonym for “post-factual” particularly describes a political culture in which leaders steer debates towards emotion rather than facts, extensively using talking points and pre-packaged statements. It also includes a consumption of information confined to what is known and comforting: we only see the point of view we wish to adopt, without challenging our certainties.
Alternative Reality (virtual reality, augmented reality, mixed reality...)
A form of reality based on thought, desire, imagination, or emotion rather than facts or critical thinking. Far from being a univocal vision of reality, it is basically a consequence of the virtual era, fostering the growth of individualism and egocentrism.
Synthetic Media
A term referring to media (images, sounds, videos, texts) modified through artificial intelligence systems such as deep fakes or generative AI.
Deep Fakes
Media that have been digitally manipulated to convincingly replace one person's appearance with another's. It can also refer to computer-generated images of human subjects that do not exist in real life. To this day, It remains difficult for the human eye to detect such content. Deep fake creates its own reality.
WYSIWYG (What You See Is What You Get)
An acronym for a graphical interface that allows real-time visualization of the final result of a digital creation, such as choice of typography or print format in word processing software. Some artists featured at the Biennale ELEKTRA reinterpret the acronym as: "What you see is not necessarily what you perceive."
Speculative Fiction
Speculative fiction is a literary genre encompassing many other categories of fiction, often referred to as a "super-genre." Today, this generic term describes stories set beyond the real world we live in, creating a completely invented alternative reality, adhering to basic scientific principles.
Deep Learning
A form of artificial intelligence (AI) focused on creating systems that learn or improve their performance based on the data they process. Artificial neural networks—algorithms designed to function like the human brain—learn from large amounts of data.
Metaverse
A term describing a virtual world inhabited by human personifications interacting with each other and with artificial intelligences (AIs). The metaverse can also be conceived as the entirety of virtual worlds connected to the internet, most often perceived in augmented reality.
NFT (Non-Fungible Token)
An NFT or "non-fungible token" represents an asset created and traded on a virtual database. Like currency, it has value. However, its value is unique and cannot be exchanged with another, unlike so-called “fungible” assets (bitcoin, crypto, etc.).